A Scoping Review of HRI Research on ‘Anthropomorphism’: Contributions to the Method Debate in HRI

Abstract Anthropomorphism represents a central theoretical term in social robotics and human robot interaction (HRI) research. However, the research into anthropomorphism displays several conceptual problems that translate methodological shortcomings. Here we report results of scoping review, which conducted order to explore (i) how notion ‘anthropomorphism’ is understood HRI research, (ii) assessment tools are used assess anthropomorphism. Three electronic databases were searched; two independent reviewers involved screening data extraction process; total 57 studies included final review encompassed 43 different robots 2947 participants. Across studies, researchers seven definitions most commonly assessed phenomenon by use amended versions existing questionnaires ( n = 26 studies). Alternatively, idiosyncratic developed 17 studies) which, as qualitative thematic analysis individual questionnaire items revealed, addressed nine distinct themes (such attribution shared intentionality, personality etc.). We discuss these relative common standards maturity arrive at conclusion scope heterogeneity hinders cross-study comparisons, while lack validated might also affect quality results. To nurture reflection on challenges increase comparability within field conclude offering set reporting guidelines for anthropomorphism, first constructive effort facilitate coherent theory